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Legal obligations of co-ownership syndicates in Québec

Key reference points for monitoring your syndicate’s obligations

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Law 122 — Technical inspections

Safety Code requirements cover façades and parking structures within the scope of Québec regulations

  • Façades five storeys or more above ground: an architect or engineer must provide a verification report every five years, with the first report normally required before the tenth anniversary of construction
  • Parking structures with a concrete running slab that does not rest on the ground: a documented annual visual inspection and a thorough inspection by an engineer every five years
  • For a new covered parking structure, the first thorough report is due 12 to 18 months after construction; an additional inspection is required after an event that could affect its structural behaviour
  • Keep reports and maintenance records, follow up on deficiencies and take the required measures whenever a dangerous condition is identified

Law 141 — Insurance and the self-insurance fund

Syndicate insurance, reconstruction value and the self-insurance fund serve purposes distinct from the reserve fund

  • Since April 15, 2021, have the amount needed for reconstruction assessed at least every five years by a member of the Ordre des évaluateurs agréés du Québec
  • Maintain the required building insurance, including private portions subject to identifiable improvements made by co-owners, as well as applicable liability insurance
  • Since April 15, 2022, apply the regulatory minimum-contribution formula for the self-insurance fund according to its balance and the highest relevant deductible; earthquake and flood deductibles are excluded from this calculation
  • If the balance is at or below half that deductible, the minimum annual contribution equals half the deductible; above half but below the deductible, it equals the shortfall; once the deductible is reached, this formula requires no minimum contribution
  • If the calculated contribution would bring the fund above $100,000, the regulation allows a reduction so the fund reaches at least that amount. The board must also consider the other reasonable amounts provided for in article 1071.1 of the Civil Code

Law 16 — Maintenance log, reserve fund and attestation

The regulation took effect on August 14, 2025. Requirements and transitional provisions vary according to the syndicate’s situation

  • Existing syndicates covered by the transitional regime must obtain their first compliant maintenance log and reserve-fund study by August 15, 2028. Co-ownerships newly transferred by a developer may be subject to different deadlines
  • Update the maintenance log at least annually and have it professionally revised at least every five years. Professional revisions may be spaced ten years apart if any regulatory condition is met, including at most eight private portions excluding accessory parking and storage, at most three storeys entirely above ground, or no common portion inside a building
  • Obtain a reserve-fund study at least every five years, with a planning horizon of at least 25 years. The ten-year exception for certain maintenance logs does not apply to the study
  • Documents obtained in the two years before August 14, 2025 may be recognized subject to conditions, including the author’s qualifications and independence; their validity runs from acquisition, not from the regulation’s effective date
  • During the applicable existing-syndicate transition, the minimum remains 5% of contributions to common expenses until study-based contributions are set. The rate of 0.5% of reconstruction value concerns the developer phase before its study is obtained: it is not a general rule for all syndicates
  • Set contributions based on the first study within 30 days after the first annual meeting following its receipt. If that study identifies a shortfall, plan contributions to eliminate it within at most ten years
  • The attestation on the condition of the co-ownership has been required since August 14, 2025, with no general deferral to 2028. The syndicate must provide it within 15 days of a co-owner’s request; it must be dated and signed and include the required financial, insurance, inspection, work and litigation information. The seller provides it to the prospective buyer in due time

Law 25 — Protection of personal information

Applicable requirements govern the collection, use, disclosure, retention and security of personal information

  • The person exercising the highest authority is responsible for personal information protection by default; delegation must be in writing. Publish the responsible person’s title and contact details on the website or, if there is no website, make them available by an appropriate means
  • Establish and approve governance policies and practices, publish the required information and provide a clear privacy policy when technological means are used to collect personal information
  • Limit collection to necessary information, inform individuals and obtain compliant consent where required, subject to statutory exceptions
  • Apply appropriate security measures, respect access and correction rights and destroy or anonymize data once its purposes have been fulfilled, subject to retention requirements
  • Keep an incident register, mitigate risks and promptly notify the Commission d’accès à l’information and affected individuals when an incident poses a risk of serious injury
  • Use the required written safeguards with service providers; disclosure outside Québec requires a privacy-impact assessment and statutory safeguards. Entrusting data to a manager or supplier does not remove the syndicate’s responsibilities

Summary table

Law 122
Area
Technical inspections
Main obligations
Covered façades and parking structures, professional reports, records and deficiency follow-up
Deadlines and frequency
Façades: five years; parking: annual visual check and thorough report every five years, with specific first-report deadlines
Law 141
Area
Insurance and self-insurance
Main obligations
Syndicate insurance, reconstruction valuation and self-insurance contributions with regulatory exclusions
Deadlines and frequency
Valuation at least every five years; rules in effect since 2021–2022
Law 16
Area
Maintenance and reserve planning
Main obligations
Maintenance log, reserve-fund study, contributions and co-ownership attestation
Deadlines and frequency
August 14, 2025 regulation; applicable general transition: August 15, 2028; attestation within 15 days of request
Law 25
Area
Personal information
Main obligations
Responsible person, governance, security, individual rights and incident management
Deadlines and frequency
Phased implementation since 2022; ongoing monitoring under applicable provisions

How Prestigestion supports you

  • Monitoring deadlines and steps covered by the mandate
  • Centralizing syndicate documents and information
  • Coordinating with qualified professionals for inspections, valuations and studies
  • Providing relevant information to the board of directors, which retains its responsibilities

Official sources

Consult official legislation and guidance to confirm the rules that apply to your co-ownership

Information checked on November 4, 2026